Phytosomes in Cancer Treatment: Harnessing Plant Extracts for Enhanced Efficacy

Cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, necessitating continuous exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Phytosomes, emerging as a promising drug delivery system, offer a unique avenue for improving the efficacy of plant-derived compounds in cancer treatment. This review delves into the current landscape of research surrounding phytosomes in cancer therapy, elucidating their mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical evidence, and future prospects. By harnessing the encapsulation technology of phytosomes, plant extracts with known anticancer properties are delivered with enhanced bioavailability and targeted efficacy. Preclinical studies demonstrate the ability of phytosomes to modulate apoptotic pathways, inhibit angiogenesis, and exert cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Clinical trials further support the safety and efficacy of phytosome- based therapies, with a focus on various cancer types such as breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, and pancreatic cancer. The review also addresses challenges such as formulation optimization and regulatory considerations. Looking ahead, phytosomes hold promise not only as standalone therapeutics but also as components of combination therapies and personalized treatment regimens. This review underscores the transformative potential of phytosomes in augmenting the therapeutic arsenal against cancer, offering insights into future research directions and clinical applications.