Knowledge and Attitudes of Oncologists in Recommending Exercises to Cancer Patients in Pakistan: A Nationwide Observational Study

Background: Exercise has been increasingly recognized as beneficial in cancer care, improving quality of life and treatment outcomes. However, oncologists' knowledge and attitudes toward recommending exercise to cancer patients remain variable.Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of oncologists in Pakistan regarding exercise recommendations for cancer patients.Methods: A nationwide observational study was conducted from May to October 2023. A structured questionnaire was administered to 53 oncologists from major cancer hospitals across Pakistan. The survey included sections on personal exercise habits, exercise recommendations to patients, perceived effects on cancer therapy, and barriers to recommending exercise. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 29, employing descriptive statistics and inferential tests, with p<0.05 as significant.Results: Of the oncologists, 32% reported regular exercise, while 66.1% recommended exercise to cancer patients. About 58.4% believed exercise alleviates cancer-related symptoms, and 54.7% and 56.6% believed it enhances chemotherapy and radiotherapy effectiveness, respectively. A significant correlation was found between awareness of exercise guidelines and positive attitudes toward recommending exercise (p<0.000).Conclusion: Most oncologists recognize the benefits of exercise for cancer patients but require further training