Cervical Cancer in Burkina Faso: Current Status, Government Strategies, and the Role of Traditional Medicine in Treatment

In Burkina Faso, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Both incidence and mortality rates have risen steadily in recent years. Its natural history is linked to persistent infection with an oncogenic human papillomavirus, a necessary but not sufficient factor in its development. However, cervical cancer is said to be preventable, due to its slow evolution. To date, it is the only cancer that can be prevented by vaccination against human papillomaviruses (HPV). Systematic and regular screening enables early detection of precancerous lesions so that they can be treated, thereby preventing the onset of cervical cancer. Unfortunately, access to these preventive measures remains limited for the majority of the population due to cost. The government of Burkina Faso, through its Ministry of Health, has put in place strategies to facilitate access to screening and care. Burkina Faso's researchers and teacher-researchers are also collaborating with traditional health practitioners in the search for better remedies and active substances with no side effects, through the use of medicinal plants. This review aims to take stock of cervical cancer in Burkina Faso: achievements, shortcomings, strategies implemented by the government and the contribution of scientific research to the fight against this scourge.