Ultrasound Evaluation of Vaginal Bleeding in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Prospective Observational Study

This prospective observational study conducted at the MNR Medical College aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonography in diagnosing the causes of first trimester vaginal bleeding and predicting pregnancy outcomes. The study included 100 antenatal women with first trimester bleeding, using both transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound to assess the location and viability of pregnancies. Results indicated a high prevalence of nonviable pregnancies, with 58% showing irregular gestational sacs and only 11% having detectable fetal heart activity. Ultrasound proved highly sensitive and specific in diagnosing conditions like ectopic pregnancy and incomplete abortion. The findings underscore the critical role of ultrasonography in managing early pregnancy bleeding, highlighting its importance in guiding clinical decisions and improving patient outcomes.