Mode stability characteristics of dual-mode whispering-gallery-mode lasers

The time-domain characteristics and relative intensity noise (RIN) of dual-mode whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) lasers and WGM-Fabry–Perot (FP) coupled lasers with different dual-mode characteristics have been investigated. Compared with dual-mode WGM-FP coupled lasers in the coexistence state of mode sudden hopping, the dual-mode WGM lasers exhibit a more stable mode time series and a lower relative intensity noise at low frequency. Due to the stable dual-mode characteristics, the WGM lasers have potential applications in photogenerated microwaves and self-chaotic generation.