Evaluation of Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriuria Over a Three-year Period in an Oncology Hospital

Aim: Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria (SABU) is encountered in patients with long-term care, urologic abnormalities, older age, and comorbidities.SABU may be caused by contamination, colonization, asymptomatic bacteriuria, urinary tract infection (UTI), or invasive disease, but its clinical relevance and therapy are unclear.This study evaluated individuals with S. aureus isolated via urine culture at an oncology hospital.Methods: Eighty-two patients with S. aureus urine isolation were studied retrospectively.Age, sex, clinical data, and laboratory results were evaluated.Concurrent S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) development was also determined.Results: Of the patients, 52% were male and 48% were female.Overall, 63.4% of the patients had cancer.Among these patients, 39.02% had genitourinary cancer, 8.53% had gastrointestinal cancer, 6.09% had breast cancer, 2.43% had respiratory tract cancer, 2.43% had lymphoma, 1.21% had acute myeloid leukemia, and 3.65% had other cancers (brain, bone, and soft tissue).Moreover, 68.2% of the patients had urological abnormalities, and 18.2% had urinary catheters.Moreover, 39.02% of S. aureus were resistant to methicillin.The average C-reactive protein level in SABU patients was 62.17 mg/L and procalcitonin was 0.3656 ng/mL.Five of the SABU patients (6.09%) had simultaneous S. aureus in their blood cultures, and all of the infections were secondary to bacteriuria and seeding following urological instrumentation/catheterization.Conclusion: Urological abnormalities/cancers and urinary catheter use were significant underlying factors of SABU.The differential diagnosis of SABU should be based on clinical/laboratory data and presence of pyuria.To avoid unnecessary antibiotic use, repeated urine and blood cultures may be useful for guiding clinicians about the use of SABU.