The optical vortices polarization state recognition by diffraction axicons with variable height using high-performance computer systems

The propagation of optical vortices with different polarizations through subwavelength elements with standard and GRIN substrates was simulated in this paper. The possibility of recognizing circular, radial, and azimuthal polarization at different heights of relief elements is shown. The possibility of selecting an element and polarizing laser radiation in such a way as to obtain a long focal segment (DOF = 6.16λ, radial polarization), a narrow focal spot (FWHM = 0.42λ, azimuthal polarization), and optical traps has also been demonstrated. Numerical simulations were performed using the finite difference time domain method.