A practical finite element simulation method for the Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) in the entire structure

Modern buildings are constructed to be taller and slenderer, which can result in vibrations caused by earthquakes and wind. Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLDs) are a common and cost-effective method for reducing these vibrations in high-rise buildings. It is crucial to develop an accurate and effective simulation method for TLDs in the entire structure. The study investigates the TLD simulation method and its engineering application in the entire structure. A simplified simulation method of TLD is proposed based on a two-story frame composed of linear link elements in engineering practice. The simulation method of TLD with different shapes namely cylindrical and rectangular tanks, is validated through experiments. On the basis, the TLD simulation method was applied to a high-rise concentrically braced steel frame structure to verify its effectiveness. The results show that the method can simulate TLD accurately and effectively. Additionally, TLD can effectively mitigate high-rise structural responses. This study extends the knowledge of TLD simulation methods for engineering practices, providing useful foundation for TLD technology in the design of high-rise buildings for vibration mitigation.