INDONESIA-NORWAY COOPERATION: EFFICACY IN REDUCING EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION AND DEGRADATION (2010-2022)

This research aims to measure the effectiveness of the REDD+ program implementation. The methodology is descriptive with a qualitative approach, using Arild Underdal's regime effectiveness theory, which assesses the functions and problem-solving capabilities of a regime. The research shows that REDD+ is the first international program to help developing countries reduce forest emissions, making tropical forest protection a new focus in climate disaster mitigation. Forests contribute 25 percent of global emissions, worsening the current climate state. In Indonesia, REDD+ has been running for over a decade in collaboration with Norway but is not running smoothly. The program is sluggish and opaque. Different sentiments, understandings, and internal political conflicts in Indonesia add to the complexity of REDD+ implementation. Norwegian funding, meant to raise awareness of forest protection, went awry and created a new incentive-based logic for forest conservation.