Evaluation of glucose lowering potential of Murraya paniculata plant on alloxan-induced diabetic mice

Numerous cultures have a history of using herbal remedies to manage diabetes based on the belief that some plants possess antidiabetic properties with limited adverse effects. Murraya paniculata plant displays pharmacological properties that combat several ailments such as diabetes, bacterial infections, cancer, diarrhea and anxiety. This study aimed at phytochemical investigation and the evaluation of the blood glucose lowering impact of M. paniculata plant extracts on diabetic mice stimulated by alloxan. 85% methanolic extract of M. paniculata was fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Various qualitative chemical assays were conducted to categorize different groups of chemicals in the plant extracts. An oral dose of 500 mg/kg of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts from the whole plant of M. paniculata was given to alloxan-stimulated diabetic mice for 14 days. Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer and compared with non-diabetic mice, alloxan-induced diabetic mice without treatment and diabetic mice treated with metformin. The results of the phytochemical analysis detected various secondary metabolites in distinct fractions of the extract. Also, the study found no statistically significant difference in blood glucose levels among the non-diabetic group, the group treated with metformin, and those treated with chloroform or ethyl acetate extract, but the group that received petroleum ether extract treatment exhibited a notable difference compared to the other groups in the study. This study concluded that the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of M. paniculata effectively regulated blood glucose levels in mice with diabetes caused by alloxan.