GRAMATIKA DEPENDENCIALE, ZBATIMI I SAJ TE GJYMTYRËT E FJALISË NË GJUHËN SHQIPE - VALENCA

For the parts of the sentence, as they are treated by traditional grammars, both in the German language and in the Albanian language, their hierarchy in the sentence is not clearly given. Dependency grammar enables a more precise definition of the structure of the sentence based on the hierarchy of its component parts. The grammar of Ulrich Engel (Engel, 2009), which is based on the syntactic structure of Lucian Tenier (Lucien Tesnière), gives a clearer picture of the position of the parts in the sentence. In fact, Ulrich Engel defines the sentence as a linguistic construction that contains a verb in an elaborate form, which is not subordinated to any other element. And this means that the verb is the head of the sentence, as far as the hierarchy in the sentence is concerned. Exactly the verb is the element that determines the structure of the sentence. In the sentence Er studiert die deutsche Sprache (‘Ai studion gjuhën gjermane’) the verb studieren requires a subject (Subjekt) and an accusative complement (Akkusativergänzung). The construction of the sentence is determined by the verb as the head of the sentence. The object of this paper is the dependence in the syntactic constructions, which will reach the determination of the members in the sentence, the obligatory and the optional members. It will be treated according to the model in the German language and define how this can be applied to the Albanian language.