Coronary Angiographic Findings of Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) by promoting the process of atherosclerosis thus patients with diabetes are comparatively at higher risk of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and is often associated with complex coronary artery disease. Aims and Objectives: To compare coronary angiographic findings of acute ST elevation myocardial infarction in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet during the period from January 2017 to June 2017. Fifty acute ST elevation myocardial infarction patients with diabetes and 50 acute ST elevation myocardial infarction patients without diabetes fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Diagnostic coronary angiography was performed via the trans-femoral approach using standard techniques. Cine angiographic films were analyzed independently by two experienced operators who had no knowledge of the patient's clinical information. Results: The age of the diabetic and non-diabetic patients were similar (51.82 ± 9.19 years versus 52.66 ± 10.22 years; p=0.667), sex [45 (90.0%) male and 5 (10.0%) versus 42 (84.0%) male and 8 (16.0%) female; p=0.372] and common risk factors such as smoking [26 (52.0%) versus 31 (62.0%); p=0.313], hypertension [27 (54.0%) versus 36 (72.0%); p=0.062] dyslipidaemia [45 (90.0%) versus 39 (78.0%); p=0.102] and family history of CAD [14 (28.0%) versus 16 (32.0%); p=0.663]. No vessel disease was [0 (0.0%) versus 7 (14.0%); p<0.05] was significantly fewer in diabetic than in non-diabetic but single vessel disease [13 (26.0%) versus 18 (36.0%); p>0.05], double vessel disease [19 (38.0%) versus 10 (20.0%); p>0.05], triple vessel disease [16 (32.0%) versus 14 (28.0%); p>0.05] and left main coronary artery involvement [2 (4.0%) versus 1 (2.0%); p>0.05] ...