Small-sized marine engines and possible ways to improve their technical characteristics

Small-sized marine engines can have a variety of shapes and sizes: from conventional outboard engines to rarely encountered surface drive systems. There is no doubt that marine engines are vital for the maritime transportation of goods and people, but they also consume a lot of fuel and emit harmful greenhouse gases and pollutants. In this context, the issues of improving the efficiency of marine engines and reducing the environmental impact of shipping require attention. Topical issues related to improving the technical characteristics of small-sized marine diesels by optimizing the design of engine components and systems are considered. It has been established that one of their main difficulties in the process of mixing small-sized engines is the placement of the nozzle, which is offset relative to the combustion chamber. This leads to the need to use sprayers with an asymmetric hole arrangement. To increase the efficiency of the engine and improve its technical performance, it is proposed to increase the fuel injection pressure and clarify the structural elements that affect the mixing in the combustion chamber. The expediency of using local turbulence of the air charge is substantiated. The scheme of the relative position of the combustion chamber with local charge turbulators and the axes of the fuel jets of an experimental atomizer is formalized, designed to improve the combustion process and the injection system. The formulated proposals will improve the energy efficiency of engines and improve their environmental performance.