Potential of Muntingia calabura L. Leaf Extract Cream on the Remodeling Phase of Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Incision wounds are narrow, elongated wounds caused by sharp objects. One of the factors that hinders wound healing is high blood sugar levels in the condition of diabetes mellitus. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Muntingia calabura L leaf extract cream in accelerating the healing process of incision wounds during the remodeling period on the skin of white rats with diabetes mellitus. The experimental animals used were 12 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with an average weight of 150-200 grams and were 2-3 months old. The rats were divided into 4 treatment groups with 3 repetitions. The K1 group as a negative control is given a cream base. The K2 group as a positive control was given 0.1% silver sulfadiazine cream and metformin. The K3 group was given a 5% Muntingia calabura L leaf extract cream and an oral extract of Muntingia calabura L leaves. The K4 group was given a 15% Muntingia calabura L leaf extract cream and an oral extract of Muntingia calabura L leaves. All treatments were carried out for 14 days. The results of the statistical test on the average number of fibroblast cells showed a real difference (P<0.05) between the four groups. The results of the statistical test on the mean collagen density score in the K3 and K4 treatment groups showed a real difference (P<0.05) compared to the K1 and K2 control groups. It can be concluded that the administration of 5% Muntingia calabura L leaf extract cream can reduce the number of fibroblast cells and increase collagen density, thereby accelerating the healing of incision wounds during the remodeling phase on the skin of white rats with diabetes mellitus.