The Influence of Erodibility Degree of Sod-Podzolic Soil on the Abundance and Diversity of Fungi and Actinomycetes

The influence of soil erodibility degree on the abundance and diversity of cultivated fungi and actinomycetes have been assessed for different seasons of the annual cycle. The objects of the study are sod-podzolic soils (Umbric Retisols (Abruptic)) with different erodibility degree, located on the slope of the southeastern exposure (Solnechnogorsk raion, Moscow oblast), which have been used for a long time for the cultivation of agricultural crops. The indicators of microbial abundance have been determined by the plate method, identification has been carried out on the basis of phenotypic characters. It is shown that the decline in physical and agrochemical parameters of the soil resulted from the erosion processes, leads to a change in microbiological parameters. An increase in the degree of soil erosion leads to a decrease in the abundance and species diversity of fungi and actinomycetes. Significant differences in the taxonomic composition of microbial communities of noneroded and eroded soils have been found (the Sørensen coefficient of species similarity does not exceed 0.42 and 0.30 for fungi and actinomycetes, respectively). Taxonomic units of mycelial microorganisms have been identified. Among fungi, they are represented by the species Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Scopulariopsis, and among actinomycetes, by Streptomyces malachitospinus, S. candidus, and Micromonospora aurantiaca.