Review of imbalanced fault diagnosis technology based on generative adversarial networks

Abstract In the field of industrial production, machine failures not only negatively affect productivity and product quality, but also lead to safety accidents, so it is crucial to accurately diagnose machine failures in time and take appropriate measures. However, machines cannot operate with faults for extended periods, and the diversity of fault modes results in limited data collection, posing challenges to building accurate fault prediction models. Despite recent advancements, intelligent fault diagnosis methods based on traditional sampling and machine learning have shown notable progress. Nonetheless, these methods heavily rely on human expertise, making it challenging to extract comprehensive feature information. To address these challenges, numerous imbalance fault diagnosis methods based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) have emerged, GANs can generate realistic samples that conform to the distribution of the original data, showing promising results in diagnosing imbalances in critical components such as bearings and gears, despite their great potential, GAN methods also face challenges, including difficulties in training and generating abnormal samples. However, whether it is GAN-based resampling technology or traditional sampling technology, there are fewer reviews on noise-containing imbalance, intra- and inter-class dual imbalance, multi-class imbalance, time series imbalance and other problems in small samples, and there is a lack of a more comprehensive summary of the solutions to the above imbalance problems. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to deeply explore the imbalance problems under various failure modes, and review and analyze the research methods and results based on GANs on this basis. By suggesting future research directions, this paper aims to provide guidance and reference for research in the field of industrial production maintenance.