Extrinsic Barriers to Integrating Computer Science in Elementary School Subject Areas in the United States

Problem. With the expansion of K-12 Computer Science (CS) education across the United States, some schools are actively integrating CS into elementary schools (K-5). To successfully introduce CS into K-5 classrooms and integrate it into existing subjects like mathematics and literacy, understanding the key barriers to successful integration is necessary for paving the way for future adoption. However, little is still known about extrinsic barriers within the K-5 classroom and how they can be overcome.