Molecular subtypes and nomogram for predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer based on a matrix-immune signature

Cervical cancer is a kind of tumor related to chronic HPV infection. Currently, the treatment of cervical cancer is guided mainly by clinicopathological factors. The role of tumor microenvironment in the prognosis and treatment of cervical cancer has been ignored. We aimed to use bioinformatics to identify the molecular subtypes in cervical cancer and construct a predictive nomogram combining a matrix-immune signature (MIS) and clinicopathological factors to support treatment decisions. Two cervical cancer subtypes with different prognoses were identified based on matrix- and immune-genes in TCGA-CESC. The MIS was developed using Cox regression and Lasso algorithm and verified in the Cancer Genome Characterization Initiative (CGCI) using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Multivariable analysis identified lymph node metastases, lymphovascular space invasion, and the MIS as independent prognostic factors, which were used to construct the predictive nomogram. The areas under the ROC curve of the model were 0.872, 0.879, and 0.803 for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year periods, respectively. The C-index was 0.845. Calibration curves confirmed the excellent prognosis prediction of the nomogram. The nomogram indicted a 3-year survival rate of > 90% in patients with a total score > 110.1. The constructed predictive nomogram has significant implications for prognostic assessment and treatment selection in cervical cancer.