Lower Urinary Tract Obstructions in Men: Epidemiological, Aetiological and Therapeutic Aspects in the Urology Department of the Gavardo Hospital

This is a 48-month prospective descriptive study of male patients hospitalised for BAU obstruction in our urology department at the Gavardo Hospital in Bamako. At the end of the study, 1230 cases were counted. Over a 12-month period from 01 January 2020 to 31 December 2023, we recorded 1,230 patients, including five hundred and fifty-four cases (554cases) of TBAU in our department. The average age of our patients was 51.6 years, and the age group most affected was 66-76 years. Among the pathologies identified, 148 cases of prostate adenoma ranked first in our urology department's surgical activity, with a frequency of 12.03%, followed by urinary lithiasis with 8.78% over a period of 48 months. During the same period, we recorded 74 cases of cancer confirmed by anatomo-histopathological examination, with a frequency of 6.03%. Conclusion: Lower urinary tract disorders are polymorphous and vary according to age. Their mechanism is not unequivocal; the disorders are either primitive due to alteration in the function of the bladder muscle known as the detrusor, of myogenic or neurogenic origin, or secondary to a sub-bladder lesion.