Assessing Flow, Sediment, and Salinity Patterns in Tidal-Affected Meandering Rivers: Insights from Kali Wonokromo

This study investigates the interplay between tidal influences and river meandering dynamics in the Wonokromo River, focusing on the alterations in flow patterns, sediment transport, and salinity levels. The research was driven by the need to understand how tidal phases and river meandering affect the geomorphological and ecological characteristics of tidal-affected meandering rivers. Field measurements were conducted across three strategic river cross-sections, employing instruments such as a TH-02 series current meter for flow velocity and a DH-48 type sampler for suspended sediment collection. Salinity was gauged using a Constant WT61 salinometer. Results indicated significant variability in flow velocity, suspended sediment concentration (SSC), and salinity across different river sections and tidal conditions. Notably, river bends showed pronounced asymmetries in flow velocity and SSC, intensified by tidal influences, with higher salinity observed closer to the estuary. The study found that mangrove vegetation along the riverbanks is crucial in stabilizing these parameters, mitigating typical erosion and deposition processes in other meandering rivers. These findings suggest that tidal phases significantly modulate river dynamics, further influenced by local geomorphological features such as bends and vegetation. For future research, exploring the long-term impacts of these dynamics on riverine ecosystems and the potential implications for river management practices, particularly in the context of climate change and human interventions is recommended. This research contributes to the broader understanding of estuarine and coastal river systems, offering insights into sustainable management and conservation strategies.