Open Technology Management for Maximizing the Public Value of Large Language Models

The legal, ethical, and safe use of machine learning (ML) is crucial for digital transformation in an AI-ready society. The issues are to interpret and manage the behavior of ML models. Unlike ordinary software, the behaviors of ChatGPT with a large language model (LLM) called GPT3.5 which involves massive neural networks, are learned from data, not programmed explicitly, not having a specification, and being changed dynamically in use. So volatile and dynamically changing technology that is limited in its user control with prompts requires managing the technology development process in addition to the technology itself to maximize its benefits. AI and its applications have been the most potential research area for a long time. Due to the Internet's openness, people know its specifications to make the most of it. Because business organizations do not fully understand how ChatGPT acts and do not have opportunities to adapt its proficiency as their competitive advantage, they cannot effectively manage their organizational resources. Aiming to maximize the public value of LLMs, this paper analyzes the impacts of an LLM-based AGI on digital transformation management and proposes an open technology management framework for LLM-based AGI.