A rare occurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism with brown tumor in the left maxilla

Brown tumors are rare skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism. It is a form of osteitis fibrosa cystica caused by hyperparathyroidism due to excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone. Then, hypercalcemia results in excessive osteoclastic activity in the bones. Brown tumors are considered a rare complication of hyperparathyroidism, as their reported existence is only about 1.5-4.5%. Herein, we report a rare case of brown tumor arising from the left maxilla due to primary hyperparathyroidism, its challenge in diagnosis with giant cell tumor, and its literature review.