Next-generation sutures: Combining natural polymers and graphene for optimal wound healing

Sutures are essential for wound healing. Sutures cannot influence biological healing processes; hence their efficacy is still limited. Active healing sutures must be made. We created a biocompatible, biodegradable polymer suture material to reduce allergic reactions. Non-biocompatible materials that cause tissue rejection and inflammation impede wound healing. To improve wound healing, cellulose and chitosan (CS) were utilized to make a suture material. Dip coating with graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles improved the suture material. The properties were assessed using FTIR, SEM, EDS, and other analytical methods. In an immersion investigation, coated suture material deterioration in simulated bodily fluid (SBF) was examined. When coated suture material inhibited bacterial growth, its antibacterial activity was tested. These properties suggest that GO nanoparticles, cellulose, and chitosan may be coupled for the first time to generate an aggressive mediator. Coated suture biocompatibility is assessed using in vitro cell survival and hemolysis tests. This paper reviews the latest suture material innovations and explores how natural polymers can advance this area.