"Evaluation of spinel ferrites magnetic nanoparticles based hyperthermia: in-vitro study"

Abstract This study is an attempt to compare the hyperthermia and antimicrobial activity of three members of the family of spinel ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (XFe 2 O 4 , where X = Mg, Cu, and CO) MNPs. Spinell ferrite of MgFe 2 O 4 , CuFe 2 O 4 , and CoFe 2 O 4 were prepared via sol–gel method. Structural and morphological shapes were investigated by different techniques X-ray diffraction X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and (Transmission electron microscope) TEM. Magnetic properties were examined by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The in vitro test was conducted on cervical Hela cells using an MTT assay. Finally, the antimicrobial activity was tested on Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus subtlus , and Escherichia coli using a clearing inhibition zone. XRD results confirmed the crystalline nature of MgFe 2 O 4 , CuFe 2 O 4 , and CoFe 2 O 4 . VSM results showed a high maximum saturation (Ms = 44.87 emu/g) of CuFe 2 O 4 which is greater than that of CoFe 2 O 4 and MgFe 2 O 4 (18.221 and 18.669) emu/g, respectively. MTT assay revealed that high cell death was detected on Hela cells of CuFe 2 O 4 compared to that of MgFe 2 O 4 and CoFe 2 O 4 . The anti-microbial study showed that the prepared spinel magnetic nanoparticles possessed antimicrobial activity due to the release of Mg, Cu, Co, and Fe ions. Results showed that the CuFe 2 O 4 could be a good spinel ferrite for medical application with antimicrobial activity and generate heat (hyperthermia, anti-cancer material).