Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Rawalpindi

In children the commonly occur blood malignancy is Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).Approximately ALL represents a total of 75-80% of the leukemias in the age of childhood.Whilst the incidence rate in children below the age of 15 years is 3-4 cases per 100,000.Moreover, besides affecting children of all ages, the incidence predominates from age 2 to 5 years, and pre-1 dominantly affect boys.Being a heterogeneous disease, ALL subtypes vary in a variety of ways, including aspects like biology, cellularity, and molecular structure.The subtypes can also vary in terms of treatment response 2 and recurrence risk and are linked to various outcomes.Especially in groups with the greatest prognosis, the present advancements in oncology medicine have led to a decent improvement of 90% in pediatric surviv-3 ability.This transformation is principally attributable to the adoption of risk-adjusted therapy, modified supportive care, and medication modifications focusing on patients' unique pharmacodynamics and pharmacoge-2,4 nomics.Clinical, biological, and genetic variables, such as gender and age, Leukocyte counts at diagnosis, immunophenotypic analysis, cytological and cytogenetic characteristics, and timely bone marrow response to the initiated therapy, are used to classify individuals 5 into various risk groups.To assess their early response to Abstract Objective: To identify the incidences of ALL, it's Diagnostic, clinical and its prognostic aspect from CMH Rawalpindi hospital Pakistan Methods: Diagnosis and screening for ALL was done at CMH Rawalpindi from 2010-2021.During this time, 981 individuals under the age of 19 who had recently been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Cytological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic criteria were employed to diagnose.Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests assessed prognostic factor associations. Results:The collected data from 2010-2021, showed that Males predominated the incidence rate 626 (63.8%), average diagnostic age was 6.3-0.5 years.Results showed that 207(21.10%)were children less than 3 years old, 587(59.80%)were between 3-10 years old.While 187(19%) were above age of 10.After statistical analysis, patients at standard risk were found to be (496)50.5% while 485(49.5%)were at high risk.The collected data reported prevalence of ALL in (850)86.6%patients while 131(13.3%)patients were diagnosed with Albl.The survival rate of patients having disease and that of survival rate with disease free conditions was found in 655(66.7%)and 326(33.3%)patients respectively.Patients with normal nutritional status 726(74%), with moderate eating 165(16.80%)and eating severely 90(9.2%) was reported and analyzed.Conclusion: ALL is found to be one of threat in young children and adolescence.There is a threat of relapse even after recovery from ALL when treated specifically in adolescence.Early prognosis and diagnosis of ALL is necessary to mitigate its effects and to avoid its recurrence.Health authorities in this regard should provide the required facilities to overcome this menace.