Spotlight on the Uncommon: A Rare Case of a Malignant Glomus Tumor of the Skin

Glomus tumors arise from a neuromyoarterial plexus origin, typically demonstrating branching vascular channels and aggregates of specialized glomus cells. They are characteristically identified in the subungual region of the hand, with the presentation of firm, red or blue nodules that are painful and sensitive to temperature. However, very few cases of malignant glomus tumors of the skin have been reported in the medical literature, making this case quite unique. This case report aims to identify an additional case of this rare condition, discuss the treatment plan pursued, and bring awareness to this distinct oncological entity. A 41-year-old female patient initially presented to her primary care physician with an enlarging and painful nodule on her left temple that had been present for the last two months. The patient was then referred to plastic surgery for excision and pathological workup of the mass. The pathology report of the excised specimen revealed a malignant glomus tumor of the skin. The patient was subsequently scheduled for an oncologic workup with medical oncology and radiation oncology, and a wide excision was performed after the pathologic diagnosis. With negative margins from the wide excision and no evidence of disease spread, it was determined that there was no role for systemic therapy or radiation therapy at that time. Biannual dermatologic examination and monitoring are indicated for follow-up. With very few reports of similar cases and little information in the medical literature on the treatment of this type of neoplasm, this is a unique and rare case that warrants discussion and exposure. Making the correct diagnosis, performing a complete workup, and removing the malignant glomus tumor are all essential parts of medical management in this case, and this type of neoplasm should not be excluded when evaluating the presentation of unusual cutaneous lesions.