On the Behavior of Bauxite Tailings under a Wide Range of Stresses

Despite its vital importance to the contemporary economy, some drawbacks are mainly associated with waste derived from mining activity. This waste consists of tailings that are hydraulically disposed of in large impoundments, the tailings dams. As the dams are enlarged to accommodate higher amounts of materials, the stress states at which the deposited tailings are submitted change. This may be a concern for the stability of such structures once the geotechnical behavior of this material may be complex and challenging to predict, considering the existing approaches. Thus, the present study concerns the mechanical response of bauxite tailings under a wide span of stresses, ranging from 25 kPa to 4000 kPa. One-dimensional compression tests and isotropically drained and undrained triaxial tests were carried out on intact and remolded samples of the bauxite tailings. The after-shearing grain size distribution was characterized via sedimentation analysis. The results have shown a stress-dependency of the critical state friction angle for the intact material, which may be related to fabric alterations derived from structure deterioration and particle breakage. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the response of structured and de-structured bauxite tailings, which are helpful for future constitutive modeling of such material.