Effect of Pyrophyllite Grain Size on the Mechanical Durability and Radiation-Shielding Properties of Concrete

Concrete is the favored construction material, with more than 7 billion cubic meters manufactured annually. Aggregates constitute the crucial component of its structure and quality, responsible for its exceptional characteristic features. The characteristics of aggregates determine the mechanical durability and radiation performance of concrete. In this investigation, fabricated concrete specimens were generated by replacing sand and aggregate sizes with pyrophyllite in 10%–20%–30%–100% proportions. The study investigated the mechanical properties of concrete specimens using both pressure and ultrasound methods, as well as their durability under freeze–thaw and high-temperature (200°C–1,000°C) conditions. In addition, the microstructure and radiation permeability properties were examined over a 7–28–90-day period. Notably, the use of pyrophyllite sand and aggregate significantly increased the compressive strength of the specimens by 21%–63% when compared to the reference concrete after 7–28–90 days, while also reducing mass loss by up to 4.6% during freeze–thaw cycles. After subjecting the specimens to high temperatures, it was discovered that those with an air-cooling regime achieved a compressive value 45% higher than the reference concrete. Microstructure images revealed the formation of C─ S─ H, CH, and portlandite hydration products over 90 days, supporting the observed compressive strength values. The study also has an effective linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) for radiation-shielding properties. According to some radiation-shielding parameters calculated through LAC values, it was revealed that these concrete samples were suitable shielding materials. Pyrophyllite-reinforced specimens have demonstrated potential for high-strength concrete production, suitability for use in high-temperature environments, and effectiveness as shielding in areas with radiation sources.