Polarization-Stabilized 1130 nm VCSEL Arrays: Performance and Scalability

This paper presents an in-depth evaluation of 1130 nm VCSEL devices, including single emitters and arrays produced using industrial III-V semiconductor fabrication processes. The study focuses on electro-optical performance and device longevity, revealing wall plug efficiencies of approximately 32% at 25 °C for single junction devices. A detailed comparison between polarization-stabilized and non-stabilized devices highlights that polarization-stabilized VCSELs maintain a consistent polarization extinction ratio of around −15 dB, regardless of their modal behavior. Additionally, we introduce a model predicting the scaling of arrays to achieve watt-level power outputs, optimizing optical aperture, pitch, and mesa count for specific applications. This analysis underlines the potential of these devices for advanced sensing and data transmission applications.