Analysis of the Use of Energy Storage in the Form of Concrete Slabs as a Method for Sustainable Energy Management in a System with Active Thermal Insulation and Solar Collectors

One effective approach to reducing the energy required for heating buildings is the use of active thermal insulation (ATI). This method involves delivering low-temperature heat to the exterior walls through a network of pipes carrying water. For ATI to be cost-effective, the energy supply must be affordable and is typically derived from geothermal or solar sources. Solar energy, in particular, requires thermal energy storage (TES) to manage the gap between summer and the heating season. A building that integrates various renewable energy systems and heating/cooling technologies should be managed efficiently and sustainably. The proper integration of these systems with smart management strategies can significantly lower a building’s carbon footprint and operational costs. This study analyzes the use of concrete slabs as a method for sustainable energy management in a system incorporating active thermal insulation and solar collectors. Using ambient temperature and solar radiation data specific to Cracow, Poland, the simulations evaluate the feasibility of employing a concrete slab positioned beneath the building as a thermal storage tank. The results reveal some drawbacks of using concrete slabs, including high temperatures that negatively affect system efficiency. Increased temperatures lead to higher heat losses, and during summer, inadequate insulation can cause additional heat leakage into the building. The findings suggest that water may be a more effective alternative for thermal energy storage.