Current concept of osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment in children

Osteoporosis (OP) is a disease characterized by a decrease in bone strength, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Bone fragility in children may be due to genetic disorders, chronic underlying conditions or taking medications that negatively affect bone metabolism. The article considers the modern classification of OP in children, approaches to its diagnosis, the role of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for diagnosis. The main goal of OP prevention and treatment is to achieve a higher peak of bone mass, improve bone microarchitectonics, and, as in adults, reduce the risk of fractures, prevent skeletal deformities, improve mobility, independence and quality of life. Recommendations for lifestyle changes are presented, including adequate calcium intake and vitamin D, taking antiresorptive drugs, as well as prospective management of children with OP.