Multi-modal investigation of the bone micro- and ultrastructure, and elemental distribution in the presence of Mg-xGd screws at mid-term healing stages

Magnesium (Mg) - based alloys are becoming attractive materials for medical applications as temporary bone implants for support of fracture healing, e.g. as a suture anchor. Due to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility, they may replace titanium or stainless-steel implants, commonly used in orthopedic field. Nevertheless, patient safety has to be assured by finding a long-term balance between metal degradation, osseointegration, bone ultrastructure adaptation and element distribution in organs. In order to determine the implant behavior and its influence on bone and tissues, we investigated two Mg alloys with gadolinium contents of 5 and 10 wt percent in comparison to permanent materials titanium and polyether ether ketone. The implants were present in rat tibia for 10, 20 and 32 weeks before sacrifice of the animal. Synchrotron radiation-based micro computed tomography enables the distinction of features like residual metal, degradation layer and bone structure. Additionally, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence yield information on parameters describing the bone ultrastructure and elemental composition at the bone-to-implant interface. Finally, with element specific mass spectrometry, the elements and their accumulation in the main organs and tissues are traced. The results show that Mg-xGd implants degrade <i>in vivo</i> under the formation of a stable degradation layer with bone remodeling similar to that of Ti after 10 weeks. No accumulation of Mg and Gd was observed in selected organs, except for the interfacial bone after 8 months of healing. Thus, we confirm that Mg-5Gd and Mg-10Gd are suitable material choices for bone implants.

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Publication Details

Journal
Bioactive Materials
Published
2024-09-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.07.019
Citations
10
Primary Topic
Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.73

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article

Multi-modal investigation of the bone micro- and ultrastructure, and elemental distribution in the presence of Mg-xGd screws at mid-term healing stages

Malte Soujon, Felix Beckmann, Sandra Sefa, Ivo M. Baltruschat et al.
10 citations
Bioactive Materials
Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
1.73
article

Multi-modal investigation of the bone micro- and ultrastructure, and elemental distribution in the presence of Mg-xGd screws at mid-term healing stages

Malte Soujon, Felix Beckmann, Sandra Sefa, Ivo M. Baltruschat, Hanna Ćwieka, Roger J. Guillory, D. C. Florian Wieland, Daniel Pröfrock, Heike Helmholz, Olga Will, Timo Damm, Berit Zeller‐Plumhoff, Weilue He, Regine Willumeit‐Römer, Julian Moosmann, Malte Storm, Anton Davydok, Mirko Gerle, Kamila Iskhakova, Silvia Galli, Thomas O'Hallaran, Svenja Meers, Keith MacRenaris
article en
10 citations

Abstract

Magnesium (Mg) - based alloys are becoming attractive materials for medical applications as temporary bone implants for support of fracture healing, e.g. as a suture anchor. Due to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility, they may replace titanium or stainless-steel implants, commonly used in orthopedic field. Nevertheless, patient safety has to be assured by finding a long-term balance between metal degradation, osseointegration, bone ultrastructure adaptation and element distribution in organs. In order to determine the implant behavior and its influence on bone and tissues, we investigated two Mg alloys with gadolinium contents of 5 and 10 wt percent in comparison to permanent materials titanium and polyether ether ketone. The implants were present in rat tibia for 10, 20 and 32 weeks before sacrifice of the animal. Synchrotron radiation-based micro computed tomography enables the distinction of features like residual metal, degradation layer and bone structure. Additionally, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence yield information on parameters describing the bone ultrastructure and elemental composition at the bone-to-implant interface. Finally, with element specific mass spectrometry, the elements and their accumulation in the main organs and tissues are traced. The results show that Mg-xGd implants degrade <i>in vivo</i> under the formation of a stable degradation layer with bone remodeling similar to that of Ti after 10 weeks. No accumulation of Mg and Gd was observed in selected organs, except for the interfacial bone after 8 months of healing. Thus, we confirm that Mg-5Gd and Mg-10Gd are suitable material choices for bone implants.

Bioactive MaterialsVol. 41
Michigan Technological University (US), Lund University (SE), Medical College of Wisconsin (US), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon (DE), Clinical Research Center Kiel (DE), Michigan State University (US)
Michigan State University, Diamond Light Source, European Commission, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Vetenskapsrådet, Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, National Institutes of Health, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, National Institute of General Medical Sciences
Openalex Percentile: Top 17%
Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
1.73
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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