A comprehensive analysis of contraceptive safety: Implications for gynecological health and education levels

The use of contraceptives is essential for lowering the net reproduction rate and stabilizing population growth. Developing countries are characterized by high birth rates and rapid population growth. With lower contraceptive usage rates among eligible couples and resistance towards family planning methods, achieving population stabilization seems challenging. Therefore, this study aims to study the effects of various contraceptive methods on gynecological health and their safety profiles, The present observational study, was conducted in Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology at tertiary health care centre, Panjab, India. A total of 450 women were evaluated with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire to address knowledge, awareness, and perception of contraception among the rural and urban population in Punjab. The data were collected and analysed. All the participants were known to the traditional contraception and only few were aware about the modern contraception. Participants preferred tubal ligation (43.78%) over vasectomy (75.78%) and rarely considered hysterectomy (1.11%). Most knew about male condoms (99.56%) but fewer about female condoms (0.44%). Among the participants, 59.78% were aware of contraception side effects. Regarding condom use, opinions were divided, with 48.67% in favor and 51.33% against. Educated individuals were aware of contraception but not its major side effects. Therefore, we suggest investigating social, cultural, and knowledge aspects to improve understanding.