Assessment and comparison of phytochemical constituents and biological activities of endemic <i>Odonterrhena floribunda</i> (Brassicaceae) from Türkiye

This study aimed to evaluate the phenolic profile, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the different parts of the endemic <i>Odontarrhena floribunda</i>. The antioxidant activities of <i>O. floribunda</i> were determined with 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the copper-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. The strongest antioxidant activity was recorded in methanolic root extract (IC₅₀:1.68±0.25 μg/mL) for DPPH and ethanolic root (λ_450:0.68±0.20) extract for CUPRAC. Antibacterial activities of the extracts were displayed by the Resazurin Microplate Method (REMA). All plant extracts analyzed demonstrated stronger effects on <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (ATCC 02026) than those of the standard compound. The in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory of the plant extract were assessed using the Iodine method. Except for the methanol leaf extract, all other extracts showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (0.88-2.13 mmolTE/g). These results show that this endemic <i>O. floribunda</i> is a potential natural antioxidant, antibacterial, and enzyme inhibitor source.