N121T and N121S substitutions on the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein impact on serum neutralization
The N121 site on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is associated with heme and its metabolite, biliverdin, which can affect antibody binding. Both N121T and N121S substitutions have been observed in natural conditions and in a hamster model of dual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A virus. Serum pseudotype neutralization assays against HIV-1 particles carrying wild-type, N121T, and N121S spikes with immune mouse and human sera revealed that N121T and N121S mutations had a greater impact on serum neutralization than biliverdin treatment. Although N121T and N121S substitutions are not currently major SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, this study could provide fundamental information to prepare for potential future mutations at the N121 site of SARS-CoV-2.
Authors
- Sun‐Joo Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-8891)
- Min Chang Kang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0834-6060)
- H. Lee
- Hye Kwon Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3458-3403)
- Seong Sik Jang
- Sun‐Woo Yoon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-9743)
- Van Thi Lo
- Da Young Mun
- Sangkyu Park (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2928-7266)
- Younghee Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2957-752X)
- Hyun Lim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-0376)
- Min Chan Kim
- Alain Chrysler Chamfort
- Ha Yeon Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1934-7982)
Institutions
- Gyeongguk National University (KR)
- Chungbuk National University (KR)
- Changwon National University (KR)
- Gyeongsang National University (KR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Medical Virology
- Published
- 2024-09-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29871
- Primary Topic
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea