Numerical Modeling of Uniaxial Corroded Reinforced Concrete Columns Exposed to Fire

Corroded concrete structures remain at risk of fire damage throughout their lifespan. This study explores the fire resistance of reinforced concrete columns, considering the simultaneous impact of corrosion and high temperatures. Thermal–structural models of the corroded concrete columns are developed using SAFIR software (2022). The numerical results are compared with published test data on temperature distributions and axial displacement–time curves. Then, parametric analyses are conducted to investigate the influence of various factors, such as corrosion degree, concrete compressive strength, cover thickness, and fire exposure models, on the fire performance of the concrete columns. The findings reveal that corrosion significantly undermines fire resistance: notably, columns with severe corrosion exhibited a 47% reduction in fire resistance. Conversely, increased concrete strength can bolster the fire resistance of intact columns, particularly when the concrete cover is minimal. Enhancing the cover thickness proves to be an effective strategy to mitigate the thermal degradation of steel reinforcements, thereby extending the columns’ fire resistance by as much as 23%. The study introduces coefficients to quantify the effects of corrosion, fire exposure, material strength, and cover thickness, culminating in a practical formula to calculate the fire endurance of corroded reinforced concrete columns. This formula could complement existing fire safety regulations.