Rapid CU Partitioning and Joint Intra-Frame Mode Decision Algorithm

H.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC) introduces new techniques that build upon previous standards, proposing a nested multi-type tree quadtree (QTMT). The introduction of this structure significantly enhances video coding efficiency; additionally, the number of directional modes in H.266 has increased by 32 compared to H.265, accommodating a greater variety of texture patterns. However, the changes in the related structures have also led to a significant increase in encoding complexity. To address the issue of excessive computational complexity, this paper proposes a targeted rapid Coding Units segmenting approach combined with decision-making for an intra-frame modes algorithm. In the first phase of the algorithm, we extract different features for CU blocks of various sizes and input them into the decision tree model’s classifier for classification processing, determining the CU partitioning mode to prematurely terminate the partitioning, thereby reducing the encoding complexity to some extent. In the second phase of the algorithm, we put forward an intra-frame mode decision strategy grounded in gradient descent techniques with a bidirectional search mode. This maximizes the approach to the global optimum, thereby obtaining the optimal intra-frame mode and further reducing the encoding complexity. Experimentation has demonstrated that the algorithm achieves a 54.53% reduction in encoding time. In comparison, the BD-BR (Bitrate-Distortion Rate) only increases by 1.38%, striking an optimal balance between the fidelity of video and the efficacy of the encoding process.