The effect of liposomal composition with encapsulated potassium orotate on the macrophage link of immunity in the treatment of wounds

In veterinary medicine, treatment of wounds is one of the most important areas. A possible way to solve the problem of wound treatment is to activate the body's own protective reserves, primarily the immune system. Various immunostimulants and immunomodulators are widely used to activate the immune system. Known immunostimulants are derivatives of pyrimidine bases, in particular, potassium orotate (potassium salt of orotic acid). Orotic acid is found in milk and colostrum of animals. The use of orotic acid or its salts as immunostimulants is difficult due to their low bioavailability determined by their solubility in water. It is possible to increase the effectiveness of immunostimulators based on potassium orotate by including it in liposomes. Liposomes with encapsulated potassium orotate were obtained by shaking. The aim of the research was to study the activation of immunity macrophage link by liposomes with encapsulated potassium orotate. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the liposomal drug was carried out on rat wound models and on post-castration wounds of suckling pigs. Animal experiments were conducted according to bioethical norms. Complete wound healing in rats with the use of liposomal gel occurred on day 2, earlier than in the control with the use of Monclavit-1, while in the experimental group, compared with the control group, the content of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets and granulocytes was significantly higher. The healing of surgical wounds in piglets after castration with the use of liposomal gel occurred 2 days earlier than with the use of the drug "Monclavit-1". There were no complications in both groups. Based on the analysis of literature data and the results of our own research, a scheme of the mechanism of action of a liposomal drug was proposed. The hypothesis about the mechanism of influence of liposomal composition on the macrophage link of immunity has been presented.