Synthesis and Characterization of Toothpaste Formulated with Nano-hydroxyapatite and Silver Nanoparticles

Dental caries is a multifactorial chronic dental disease impacting individuals across various ages. Several studies have shown that cariogenic bacteria primarily cause this disease in the oral cavity, notably Streptococcus mutans. Thus, this study aimed to characterize and develop toothpaste formulations by incorporating nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) asactive agents. The physicochemical properties of different formulations (F0-F5) were assessed, including odour, colour, taste, texture, consistency, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and foaming ability. The antibacterial activity of the products obtained against Streptococcus mutans was tested using varying nHA concentrations (0.75, 1, and 1.25%). The results showed that the toothpasteformulation containing 1% nHA showed the most significant inhibitory effect, leading to an inhibition zone of 15.58 mm in diameter. Based on these findings, toothpaste containing nHA and AgNPs as active constituents was safe and efficacious in preventing dental caries.