Antioxidant and Sunscreen Activities of Tamarind (<i>Tamarindus indica</i> L.) Rind Ethanol Extract Cream

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) rind is one of the natural products which has been proven to have antioxidant and sunscreen activities. It has the potential to be developed into cosmetic product such as cream. This study aims to determine the correlation between the antioxidant activity and the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of tamarind rind ethanol extract cream. Tamarind rind was macerated in ethanol (96%) for 5 days, the extract was concentrated over a water bath to obtain a dried tamarind rind ethanol extract. The tamarind rind ethanol extract was formulated into creams using three different concentrations of tamarind rind ethanol extract as the active ingredient; FI (5%), F2 (10%), and F3 (15%). The sunscreen protection activity of the creams was assessed by determining the sun protection factor (SPF) using the Mansur formula. The antioxidant activity of the creams was evaluated by the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The correlation between the IC50 value of the antioxidant activity and the SPF value was analyzed using the Spearman’s rank correlation test. Results show that formulation F3 has the highest sunscreen activity with SPF value of 6.469, but all the formulation has very weak antioxidant activity (IC50 < 200 ppm). The Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the IC50 value and the SPF value of tamarind rind ethanol extract cream, which suggests that the higher the antioxidant activity, the higher the SPF value of the cream formulation