Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Contamination Levels in Some Commercial Olive Oils Sold on the Markets in Giresun, Türkiye

Olive oil is widely consumed worldwide and well-known for its health beneficial effects. However, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in olive oils has been a serious concern and knowledge regarding PAH concentrations in olive oils is scarce. The aim of this study was the determination and evaluation of PAH contamination levels in olive oils in the market. In this study, commercial olive oils (n=14) available in the markets of Giresun (Türkiye), including extra virgin and riviera olive oil samples, were investigated. Samples were analyzed by a gas chromatography unit coupled with a mass spectrometer. Significant amounts of PAHs were determined in all olive oil samples. The PAH contents of the samples varied between 0.04 µg kg-1 and 4637.13 µg kg-1 with the mean content of 264.61 µg kg-1. Regarding benzo[a]pyrene, 64.28% of the samples was incompatible with the EU requirements. None of the samples were compatible with the EU requirements in terms of PAH4 components (benzo[a]pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene). Results showed that commercial olive oils studied in this research might contain PAHs categorized under potential carcinogens.