The Impact of Outdoor Air Pollution Exposureon Body Weight: Empirical Evidence from China

BMI) 1 is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, and certain cancers such as ovarian, liver, kidney, and colon cancer [2].The risk of these NCDs increases with increasing BMI and contributes to higher social medical costs.Obesity and overweight are caused by an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended.Energy imbalances are frequently linked to dietary 1 BMI is a basic index of weight-for-height that is commonly used to classify overweight and obesity in adults.It is calculated as an individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of their height in meters (kg/m 2 ).