Impacts of microRNA-155 on the Expression of Interleukin-1β and Tumor Suppressor Gene JADE-1 in Iraqi Women with Cervical Cancer

Background: Cervical cancer poses a significant health challenge globally, with an increase in nations with poor or medium incomes, including Iraq. Objective: This study investigates the molecular interaction between microRNA-155 (miR-155-5p), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the tumor suppressor gene JADE-1, exploring their roles in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer among Iraqi women. Methods: By analyzing samples from 40 cervical cancer patients and 40 healthy controls, the study investigated the expression levels of miR-155-5p and its impact on IL-1β and JADE-1 through qRT-PCR and ELISA techniques. Results: The study reveals a significant upregulation of miR-155-5p in patients compared to controls, alongside a notable downregulation of JADE-1. While slightly elevating the serum level of IL-1β (p>0.05). These changes at the molecular level point to miR-155-5p possibly playing a role in cancer by creating an inflammatory environment around the tumor and decreasing the activity of pathways that stop tumors from growing through JADE-1. Conclusions: The study paves the way for further exploration into the mechanistic pathways of these molecules, offering potential biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and the development of targeted therapies, thus aiming to improve the management and outcomes for women afflicted with cervical cancer in Iraq.