Direct numerical simulation of dispersion and mixing in gas–liquid Dean-Taylor flow with influence of a 90° bend

• Direct numerical simulation of full 3D flow fields. • Particle dispersion to evaluate flow mixing effects. • Influence of flow velocity in comparison of the coil diameter. • Coupled Dean and Taylor flow with 90° bend influence. Gas-liquid capillary flow finds widespread applications in reaction engineering, owing to its ability to facilitate precise control and efficient mixing. Incorporating compact and regular design with Coiled Flow Inverter (CFI) enhances process efficiency due to improved mixing as well as heat and mass transfer leading to a narrow residence time distribution. The impact of Dean and Taylor flow phenomena on mixing and dispersion within these systems underscores their significance, but is still not yet fully understood. Direct numerical simulation based on finite element method enables full 3D resolution of the flow field and detailed examination of laminar flow profiles, providing valuable insights into flow dynamics. Notably, the deflection of flow velocity from the center axis contributes is followed by tracking of particle with defined starting positions, aiding in flow visualization and dispersion characterization. In this CFD study, the helical flow with the influence of the centrifugal force and pitch (Dean flow) as well as the capillary two-phase flow (Taylor bubble) is described and characterized by particle dispersion and related histograms. Future prospects in this field include advancements in imaging techniques to capture intricate flow patterns, as well as refined particle tracking methods to better understand complex flow behavior.