Exploring epidemiological maternal risk factors associated with the cases of birth asphyxia: a study at civil hospital, Ahmedabad

Background: Maternal health is crucial for fetal growth; certain risk factors were identified which can affect development. Birth asphyxia, a preventable condition among the newborns, which can be managed with appropriate care during pregnancy, delivery, and post-delivery. This study aimed to identify maternal risk factors for birth asphyxia in newborns. Early recognition and timely preventive measures can lower the morbidity and mortality linked to asphyxia. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted over a one-year period. The mothers of asphyxiated newborns were selected for the study. Data was collected using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS 26 Results: 150 mothers were selected for the study based on the inclusion criteria. Among the maternal risk factors, late registered pregnancies and the mother who suffered prolonged labor were significantly associated with the severity of asphyxia. Newborn of pregnant women who had history of consumption of smokeless tobacco had significantly more risk of developing hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Conclusions: To improve neonatal outcomes, focusing on antenatal pediatrics is essential. Early detection and referral of maternal risk factors such as lack of ANC visits, consumption of smokeless tobacco and maternal anemia can prevent adverse outcomes and ensure better care for newborns.