Evaluation of miRNA- 155 expression in patients with Alzheimer’ s disease

Background: Our aging domestic population is disproportionately affected by senile dementia and neurological impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD), a complex and progressive age-related disorder. In the field of human pathogenic neurobiology, as crucial regulators of gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs). Brain cells are known to have a high transcriptome, which means they are actively involved in gene transcription and mRNA generation. Objectives: This research aimed to examine the correlation between the expression of miRNAs-155 and patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: The study enrolled 100 participants: 50 healthy controls and 50 AD patients diagnosed according to DSM-V criteria, the quantification of miRNA-155 expression was performed; through the use of real-time PCR. Results: The expression of miRNA-155 is significantly greater in the Alzheimer's disease group (9.94±3.134-fold change) than in the control group (1.07±0.52) (P= 0.000). In order to evaluate miR-155's expression efficiency, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed. Both the sensitivity and specificity were found to be quite high in the study, measuring 1.000 for each. The area under the curve (AUC) was also 1.000, indicating excellent performance. The 95% confidence interval for the AUC was from 0.1.000 to 1.000. The cut-off value used in the analysis was 3.88. Conclusion: Ultimately, miRNA-155 might potentially be used as a diagnostic tool to differentiate individuals with Alzheimer's disease from those who are healthy. According to the findings, that miRNA-155 has the potential to function as a genetic indicator for Alzheimer's disease. This work offers significant insights for future investigations on miRNAs as molecular indicators in medical domains and as promising targets for therapeutic interventions.