Probing spin hydrodynamics on a superconducting quantum simulator
Characterizing the nature of hydrodynamical transport properties in quantum dynamics provides valuable insights into the fundamental understanding of exotic non-equilibrium phases of matter. Experimentally simulating infinite-temperature transport on large-scale complex quantum systems is of considerable interest. Here, using a controllable and coherent superconducting quantum simulator, we experimentally realize the analog quantum circuit, which can efficiently prepare the Haar-random states, and probe spin transport at infinite temperature. We observe diffusive spin transport during the unitary evolution of the ladder-type quantum simulator with ergodic dynamics. Moreover, we explore the transport properties of the systems subjected to strong disorder or a tilted potential, revealing signatures of anomalous subdiffusion in accompany with the breakdown of thermalization. Our work demonstrates a scalable method of probing infinite-temperature spin transport on analog quantum simulators, which paves the way to study other intriguing out-of-equilibrium phenomena from the perspective of transport.
Authors
- Jieci Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-3096)
- Kui Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4120-2050)
- Xiaohui Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-8080)
- Chi-Tong Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-2359)
- Gui-Han Liang
- Zhongcheng Xiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-1217)
- Yun‐Hao Shi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-4280)
- Yong-Yi Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1440-6354)
- Zheng-Yang Mei
- Yu-Ran Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-2053)
- Zheng‐Hang Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3583-1667)
- Hao-Tian Liu
- Wei-Guo Ma
- Haifeng Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5963-8266)
- Guangming Xue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7852-1111)
- Kai Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-2455)
- Zheng‐An Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2372-2028)
- Kaixuan Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8845-2770)
- Dongning Zheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5895-0111)
- Heng Fan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-2449)
- Hao Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-9283)
- Jiacheng Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-9605)
- Jiachi Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9887-7032)
Institutions
- Hunan Normal University (CN)
- Hefei University (CN)
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (CN)
- National Science Centre (PL)
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences (CN)
- Institute of Physics (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- South China University of Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2024-08-31
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52082-2
- Citations
- 12
- Primary Topic
- Quantum many-body systems
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.05
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
- Beijing Nova Program