Global diversity of Aedes species (Diptera: Culicidae) relevant to public health

Mosquito-borne arboviruses represent one of the main challenges for public health today. The Aedes genus includes more than 950 mosquito species, many of which cause discomfort through their bites and are disease vectors. However, little is known about this biodiversity and its role in the context of public health. This study aimed to list the worldwide diversity of mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes genus with the potential to transmit pathogens to humans. An integrative literature review was conducted. The articles were searched during July 2024, in the following databases: Lilacs, Scielo, Science Direct and PubMed. A total of 38 species of mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes genus with the potential to transmit pathogens to humans were listed. The literature consulted reports a total of 44 pathogens potentially transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, including Dengue, Zika virus, Chikungunya, yellow fever, Rift Valley fever virus, West Nile virus, Ross River virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Saint Louis encephalitis virus, and equine encephalitis virus. This study provides useful information to support further research and the development of actions to monitor and control mosquito species with vector potential.