ALTERAÇÕES PSICOFISIOLÓGICAS E AMBIENTAIS RELACIONADAS À DEPRESSÃO NA GESTAÇÃO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Pregnancy is a period of fetal development, being a physiological process, which involves important changes that can cause signs and symptoms of depression in the mother. Depression during pregnancy affects women with socioeconomic difficulties, lack of a support network, psychiatric history, abortion history, previous birth problems, unplanned pregnancy, high-risk pregnancy, low education level and use of alcohol and drugs. Studies in the area indicate that approximately 20% of pregnant women suffer from depression during the gestational period, which can range from mild to severe, and can even extend into the postpartum period. Therefore, prénatal assessment and training of health professionals in preventing depression in pregnant women is important, as well as early identification and better quality care and treatment. The objective of this study is to understand the physiological changes and risk factors that predispose to depression during pregnancy. A literature review from 2002 to 2021 was made, in Portuguese and English, based on data available in Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online); PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information); Academic Google; Febrasgo Gynecology Treaty; Williams Obstetrics; Rezende Obstetrics; Treatise on Clinical Psychiatry; Compendium of Psychiatry, Kaplan and Sadock; Clinical Endocrinology, Vilar and DSM-V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). The analyzed data was used for writing the results, discussion and final considerations.