High-Visible Light Response AgNbO₃/Bi₂MoO₆/PANI Double Z-Scheme Heterojunction Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics

In this study, a novel AgNbO₃/Bi₂MoO₆/PANI double Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was created via a solvothermal method, and the method investigates its photocatalytic degradation performance toward norfloxacin (NOR) and other antibiotics. When the content of AgNbO₃ is 5 wt % and the content of PANI is 1 wt %, the rate of degradation of AgNbO₃/Bi₂MoO₆/PANI on NOR under visible light is 95.56%, the rate of removal of total organic carbon is ∼57.45%, and its pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant is 0.01878 min^-1, which surpasses those of AgNbO₃, Bi₂MoO₆, and AgNbO₃/Bi₂MoO₆ by factors of 14.22, 2.46, and 1.35, respectively. At the same time, the AgNbO₃/Bi₂MoO₆/PANI photocatalyst still showed good stability after three cycles. The results demonstrated that the augmented photocatalytic performance of AgNbO₃/Bi₂MoO₆/PANI can be attributed to the formation of a double Z-scheme heterojunction and the incorporation of PANI with excellent conductivity, resulting in the higher efficiency of migration of charge carriers while retaining strong redox ability. This work affords a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly reference for the development of a Bi₂MoO₆-based heterojunction photocatalyst and its application in the purification of antibiotics in water.